Addressing Common Winter Plumbing Issues

With freezing temperatures and regular snowfall, winters in Ann Arbor, MI, can be challenging for homeowners. It is common to experience issues such as burst pipes, sump pump backups, and plumbing leaks during the winter months. Drain problems can also become more noticeable due to seasonal habits and colder conditions. Knowing how to address common winter plumbing issues can help protect your home. Our team at Benjamin Franklin Plumbing® can assist with emergency repairs, inspections, and preventive maintenance.

An Increased Risk During Winter

Cold air is one of the main reasons plumbing issues occur more frequently in winter. When cold air reaches exposed pipes, the water inside can freeze. As water freezes, it expands, placing pressure on pipes, joints, and connections. This pressure can cause small cracks that allow leaks to form or, in severe cases, lead to burst pipes that cause significant water damage to walls, flooring, and ceilings.

During winter and early thaw periods, snowmelt and freeze-thaw cycles can increase groundwater levels. This can cause sump pumps to work harder than usual. If a component fails or the system becomes overwhelmed, water can back up into basements or crawlspaces. Gutter and downspout issues can also contribute to moisture problems. When ice forms or debris blocks drainage, water may be redirected toward the foundation, increasing the risk of leaks, pooling water, or mold growth. Cleaning gutters and downspouts in late fall helps reduce this risk.

Dealing With Freezing Pipes

The pipes most vulnerable to freezing are those located in exterior walls, garages, crawlspaces, and other unheated areas. Pipes connected to outdoor fixtures or plumbing lines that are rarely used during winter can also be at increased risk. Identifying and addressing these vulnerable areas can help reduce the chance of freezing.

Insulating pipes before winter helps retain heat and reduces the likelihood of freezing. Foam pipe insulation can be cut and placed around exposed pipes. Batting insulation can be installed in wall cavities or open spaces where pipes run. Spray foam insulation creates a tight seal around pipes and surrounding gaps and is often best handled by professionals.

Heat tape is another option for protecting pipes that are prone to freezing. This electric cable runs along pipes and provides warmth to prevent ice from forming. Some heat tape delivers consistent warmth, while other types adjust heat output based on surrounding temperatures.

During extremely cold weather, opening cabinet doors can allow warm air to circulate around pipes. Allowing a small trickle of water from faucets may also help reduce freezing risk during a cold snap.

If you suspect a pipe has frozen, turn off the nearest available shutoff valve or the main water supply if necessary. Open faucets to relieve pressure within the system. Applying gentle heat can help thaw frozen pipes, but open flames or extreme heat should never be used, as they can damage plumbing. Contact a professional if the frozen section cannot be located or if multiple pipes are affected.

If a pipe bursts, shut off the main water supply immediately. Drain remaining water from faucets and fixtures and try to contain the leak using buckets or towels. Contact a plumbing professional right away. Depending on the extent of damage, water damage mitigation or mold remediation may also be necessary.

Clogged Drains and Backups

Drain issues can become more noticeable during winter, especially when household usage increases during holidays or when cooking more meals at home. Cold temperatures can also cause grease and fats to harden inside pipes, contributing to clogs.

Be mindful of what goes down your drains. Fats, oils, and grease should be allowed to cool and disposed of in a sealed container in the trash rather than poured down the drain. Food scraps and other debris should also be kept out of sinks and drains. Scheduling preventive drain cleaning at least once per year helps remove mineral buildup and debris, reducing the risk of backups.

Smart water monitoring devices can help detect leaks or backups early. These systems can alert homeowners when water is detected in areas where it should not be, allowing quick action to prevent damage.

Homes with septic systems require additional winter care. Routine pumping and maintenance help prevent issues caused by frozen ground or blocked lines. Using biodegradable and septic-safe products also reduces the risk of clogs and backups during winter months.

Sump Pump Strain and Malfunction

Several winter-related issues can affect sump pump performance, including frozen discharge lines, worn internal components, and power outages. Any of these problems can increase the risk of basement or crawlspace flooding.

Having your sump pump inspected in the fall is an effective way to prepare for winter. This is also a good time to install a battery backup system, which allows the pump to continue operating during power outages. Ensure the discharge line is clear and monitor the pit for signs of ice. Testing your sump pump throughout the winter is recommended. Pouring water into the pit is the most reliable way to confirm the pump activates properly. Some models may also include a test button.

If a sump pump fails, water may need to be removed manually until help arrives. If the failure is due to a power outage and no battery backup is available, a properly rated and safely operated generator can temporarily power the pump.

Winterizing Your Outdoor Plumbing Fixtures

Before winter begins, disconnect and drain all outdoor hoses. Shut off water supplies to outdoor fixtures and drain remaining water from the lines. This prevents ice from forming inside pipes and reduces the risk of leaks inside the home.

Upgrading to freeze-resistant outdoor fixtures can provide additional protection. These fixtures are designed to reduce water retention and lower the risk of freezing. Professional winterization of sprinkler systems and pool equipment is also recommended to prevent freeze damage.

Maintaining a Tight Home Envelope

Sealing gaps and cracks around windows, doors, and foundations helps maintain a tight home envelope during winter. Caulk and weatherstripping are effective for smaller openings, while larger cracks or foundation issues should be addressed by a professional. Maintaining a well-sealed home helps protect plumbing systems and supports efficient heating and cooling.

Professional support from Benjamin Franklin Plumbing® can help ensure your plumbing system is protected throughout the winter months and beyond. Our team provides preventive maintenance, emergency repairs, and professional installations. Contact Benjamin Franklin Plumbing® in the Ann Arbor area today to learn more about our services or to schedule an appointment.